Cosi102

* **READING: [Using the Stages of Team Development](https://hr.mit.edu/learning-topics/teams/articles/stages-development) (alternative: [Wikipedia on Tuckman's stages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuckman%27s_stages_of_group_development)**
* **READING: [14 Ways to become a better Technical Manager and Leader](https://medium.com/@yagiz/14-ways-to-become-a-better-technical-manager-leader-7b57324c2a6d)**
* **READING: [Who's Got The Monkey.](/content/topics/documents/whosgotthemonkey.pdf)**

*Reminder: Readings are your responsibility. You will be expected to come to class prepared, having read the material, and ready to participate in the discussion*

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## The teams

* Review of team creation process
* All teams have four participants (but there are always exceptions)
* Because of the domino effects of changes, I will not entertain requests for changes
* If a student drops or joins late, this will be handled in the way of least disruption
* **HERE ARE THE TEAMS**!

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## Working On Teams

<ul>
  <li>In all my courses I ask students to work on projects in teams.</li>
  <li>I have seen them succeed and have seen them struggle.</li>
  <li>These notes are based on this hard won experience with student run teams.</li>
  <li>What kinds of ideas or approaches have you used (or been used on you) that you think are good?</li>
  <li>Lets hear some horror stories?</li>
</ul>

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<h3 id="establishing-norms--social-contract">Establishing Norms / Social Contract</h3>

<div class="callout callout-small">
  <span class="callout-badge">NB</span> You're not trying to become best friends with your teammates. You're trying to get something done!
</div>

<ul>
  <li>A key challenge is to establish the “norms” or the “culture” of your team.</li>
  <li>What I mean by that is the unspoken or spoken etiquette or understandings.</li>
  <li>For example, how often you meet, how much you care about being punctual, how you give each other feedback, how you deal with conflict.</li>
  <li>Each team, even of just four people, might handle things a little differently.</li>
  <li>A college course, which runs only 13 weeks, this there’s not a whole lot of time for these things to happen organically.</li>
  <li>This means that everyone needs to pitch in a little extra to it a fun and useful experience for everyone.</li>
</ul>

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<ul>
  <li>One of the big challenges is to find time to meet, so try to be flexible.</li>
  <li>As a team, choose a fixed time and place to meet every week. Be flexible.</li>
  <li>Your first meeting is very important.</li>
</ul>

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<h3 id="personal-goals">Personal Goals</h3>

<ul>
  <li>Each member honestly say what your personal goals are for this course</li>
  <li>This course is my most important, I really care and will do anything to be successful</li>
  <li>Or, I have a heavy course load, I will do what I can but I have to balance</li>
  <li>Or, I am perfectly happy with a “B”, don’t expect intensity from me.</li>
  <li>If everyone knows each other’s perspective this will set expectations</li>
  <li>Each member of the team is responsible for their own work and for the wellbeing of the team</li>
</ul>

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<h3 id="decisions">Decisions</h3>

<ul>
  <li>Talk about how you will make decisions</li>
  <li>Democratic vote</li>
  <li>Decide or chose a leader to have final say</li>
  <li>Divide up the domain (front end/back end/ etc) and assign it to people.</li>
  <li>Be sensitive to everyone’s particular constraints</li>
</ul>

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<h3 id="be-kind-to-each-other">Be kind to each other</h3>
<ul>
  <li>My belief is that every single person on the team is doing their best <strong>given</strong> their own situation.</li>
  <li>If it seems like someone is not doing their best, or somehow being counterproductive</li>
  <li>Try to figure out their situation or ask them.</li>
  <li>Once you understand the context things often make sense and you can leave any anger or resentment behind.</li>
</ul>

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<h3 id="commitment-and-enthusiasm">Commitment and enthusiasm</h3>

<ol>
  <li>Keep each other to a high standard</li>
  <li>Be enthusiastic and committed</li>
  <li>If one person didn’t hold their end up this week, don’t let that discourage you or lead you to not hold up your end next week.</li>
</ol>

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## When conflict arises

<ul>
  <li>Despite everyone’s best intention and good will, there is usually some small amount of disagreement or conflict.
    <ul>
      <li>This is totally normal and to be expected.</li>
      <li>In fact when you see it happening you can think to yourself: “Aha, there it is, I was expecting this and I can roll with it.”</li>
      <li>But very occasionally things can suddenly become really challenging. Here are some tips:</li>
    </ul>
  </li>
</ul>

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<h3 id="challenges">Challenges</h3>

<ul>
  <li>Working in teams can suddenly become CHALLENGING</li>
  <li>There is a non-zero probability that you will not get along with someone in your team
    <ul>
      <li>Be ready for this and take it in stride. “Whoops, there it is!”</li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li>You are not married, you are not best friends, you are just working on this project, now</li>
  <li>Don’t try to resolve the conflict in email, it never works!</li>
  <li>Fight the reluctance to have to sit with someone and talk about an awkward subject.</li>
</ul>

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## What is it like to have team meetings?

<ul>
  <li>I will often assign you to meet for 1 or 2 hours with your teammates to work on your product, or brainstorm your product, or decide on a direction.</li>
  <li>I have observed the team mates sitting around, very motivated to have a good meeting but not knowing really where to start or what to talk about.</li>
</ul>

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<h3 id="ask-each-other-to-articulate-their-understanding-of-the-product">Ask each other to articulate their understanding of the product.</h3>
<ul>
  <li>This is called “getting alignment”.</li>
  <li>You will be surprised to know that it is a very common mistake for a team not to realize that one or half the team is thinking of a totally different (or at least, significantly differnt) concept than the others.</li>
  <li>“I never thought of this as a free service”, “I thought we agreed that this product is specifically for parents with children” or “I heard the user interviews and no one ever said that they would be willing to pay for this product!”.</li>
</ul>

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<h3 id="do-not-sweep-lack-of-alignment-under-the-rug">Do not sweep lack of alignment under the rug.</h3>
<ul>
  <li>If you detect that one or more team members are thinking differently, bring that up and discuss it.</li>
  <li>Do the hard (and sometimes a little awkward) work of trying to reconcile the difference, or persuading, or letting yourself be persuaded.</li>
  <li>It will really pay off with a better result.</li>
</ul>

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<h3 id="what-are-the-roles-in-a-meeting">What are the roles in a meeting?</h3>

<ul>
  <li>You might consider rotating them</li>
  <li>Meeting leader
    <ul>
      <li>It is not unusual and quite healthy if one of the team members volunteers to kind of lead the meeting. Perhaps that person will write notes on the whiteboard, or encourage members who are quiet to speak up, or even to try to divvy up the work by asking for example, “John, would you be able to design the survey?” and so on. You can be that person or you can be supportive of whoever takes on that role. Don’t force it, it often happens by itself.</li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li>Note taker</li>
  <li>Time keeper
    <ul>
      <li>Keeping time: A meeting often begins with a few minutes of social talk, and that’s fine. But remember that everyone in the meeting has a lot of other obligations and so everyone must contribute to keeping the meeting on track. It is very useful to begin the meeting with a summary of why you are meeting</li>
    </ul>
  </li>
</ul>

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<h3 id="handy-opening-gambits">Handy opening gambits</h3>

<ul>
  <li>
    <p>“We are going to look over our current list of trello stories and try to reprioritize if necessary, and have each person sign up for some so everyone can know who is doing what”</p>
  </li>
  <li>
    <p>“We are going to look over the notes we took at our last converation with users and together see what we want to change as a result of that”</p>
  </li>
  <li>
    <p>“We have 2 weeks to go. We are going to review exactly what tasks are left to make sure they are all covered.””</p>
  </li>
  <li>
    <p>“We are not really happy with the product idea we have so far. Lets take 30 minutes to brainstorm. First let’s summarize what we have right now. What other variations or ideas do we have?”</p>
  </li>
</ul>

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<h2 class="shadow p-3 bg-white rounded">Thank you. Questions?<img class="img-fluid w-100" src="https://picsum.photos/800/100.jpg" /> <small> (random Image from picsum.photos)</small></h2>